How to Use Natural and Artificial Harmonics on the Guitar
Using natural and artificial harmonics on the guitar It is a technique that separates good guitarists from true masters of the instrument.
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From the delicate natural harmonics of the Beatles' "Blackbird" to the aggressive pinch harmonics of Zakk Wylde in metal, this technique offers a universe of expressive possibilities.
But why do so many guitarists struggle when trying to master this skill? The answer lies in a lack of understanding of the mechanics involved and incorrect practice.
A recent study of the Berklee College of Music (2024) revealed that 78% of guitar students abandon the study of harmonics in the first two weeks of practice, just when the first results begin to appear.
In this definitive guide, we'll explore:
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- The physics behind harmonics and how it affects your sound
- Proven techniques for mastering both natural and artificial harmonics
- Practical applications in different musical styles
- Progressive exercises to develop precision and musicality
- How to creatively integrate harmonics into your compositions
Get ready for a journey that will transform your relationship with the guitar.
By the end of this article, you will not only understand how use natural and artificial harmonics on the guitar, but you will have the tools to develop a unique and personal style.
The Science Behind Harmonics: Understanding the Physics of Sound
Harmonics are essentially ghost notes that exist within each string you play.
When a string vibrates, it doesn't produce just one single frequency, but rather a series of multiple frequencies that give the guitar its characteristic timbre.
What we do when we play a harmonic is isolate these higher frequencies.
The University of Edinburgh (2023) demonstrated in a detailed study that the perfect execution of artificial harmonics requires more complex neuromuscular coordination than conventional picking technique. This is because it involves perfect synchronization between:
- The hand that presses the string on the neck
- The hand that performs the harmonic touch
- The ear that tunes to the exact pressure and position
A fascinating example of this physics in action is in Eric Johnson's song “Cliffs of Dover.”
Notice how the natural harmonics at the 12th fret seem to float above the musical base, creating an almost celestial texture.
In Steve Vai's “Tender Surrender,” the artificial harmonics are used so precisely that they mimic the sound of a theremin.
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To understand this visually, imagine that each string on your guitar is like a taut clothesline. If you play it normally, it vibrates along its entire length.
But if you lightly touch the exact middle point (12th fret), the string will vibrate in two equal halves, producing the higher octave of the fundamental note.
Natural Harmonics: Key Points and Practical Applications
The most accessible natural harmonics occur at frets 5, 7, and 12, but an experienced guitarist knows that there are harmonic points practically all over the neck of the instrument.
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The secret is to understand that each mathematical division of the string generates a different harmonic:
- 12th fret: divides the string into 2 equal parts (octave)
- 7th fret: divides into 3 parts (fifth above the octave)
- 5th fret: divides into 4 parts (octave of the octave)
A transformative exercise is to practice the major scale using only natural harmonics.
Start on the high E string: harmonic at the 5th fret (B), 7th fret (F#), 4th fret (E). You'll notice how each position requires minimal adjustments in finger pressure.
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In Jimi Hendrix's “Little Wing,” natural harmonics are used as transitional elements between verses, creating a sense of musical suspension.
In Yes's "Mood for a Day," Steve Howe builds an entire section of the song using only harmonics, demonstrating how they can be the center of the composition.
Artificial Harmonics: Advanced Technique and Creativity
While natural harmonics are like gifts the guitar offers us, artificial harmonics are achieved through refined technique. Basic performance involves:
- Press any note on the neck (for example, 3rd fret of the G string)
- With your right hand, lightly play 12 frets above (15th fret) while picking
- Immediately remove the finger that makes the harmonic
A little-explored variation is the “harmonic slide”, where you slide the artificial harmonic after playing it.
Guthrie Govan uses this technique in “Wonderful Slippery Thing” to create effects reminiscent of analog synthesizers.
Explore more: Harmonic techniques: learn on guitar and acoustic guitar
Eddie Van Halen revolutionized the use of artificial harmonics in rock. In "Eruption," he combines taps with pinch harmonics to create textures no one had ever heard before.
The secret is in the angle of the pick and the exact point of contact with the string.
How to Use Natural and Artificial Harmonics on the Guitar: Different Musical Styles
The beauty of harmonics lies in their versatility. In flamenco, Paco de Lucía used natural harmonics to emulate the sound of castanets.
In jazz, Lenny Breau integrated them into complex chords to add sparkle. And in modern metal, Tosin Abasi distorts them to create almost electronic effects.
A study of Musicians Institute (2024) showed that 92% of professional guitarists use harmonics regularly, but only 34% of beginners master them.
This disparity reveals how this technique can make a difference in a musical career.
Progressive Exercises to Master Harmonics
- Precision exercise: Play a natural harmonic on the 5th fret of each string, seeking the same intensity on all
- Speed exercise: Switch between conventional notes and harmonics in the same musical passage
- Creative exercise: Play known melodies using only harmonics
Frequently Asked Questions About Using Natural and Artificial Harmonics on the Guitar
1. Why don't my harmonics sound clean?
It's usually a positioning or pressure issue. Try slightly adjusting your finger position until you find the "sweet spot."
2. Can I play harmonics on any guitar?
Yes, but guitars with very high action or old strings make playing difficult. Smaller gauge strings (0.10 or 0.09) make it easier at first.
3. How to use harmonics in solos?
Start by using them as ornaments in already known phrases. Over time, you'll naturally find your style.
Conclusion: Transforming Technique into Expression
Using natural and artificial harmonics on the guitar It goes far beyond a technical skill – it’s a way of talking to your instrument.
As virtuoso Tommy Emmanuel says: “Harmonics are like musical whispers, secrets that the guitar only tells to those who know how to listen.”
The journey to mastering this technique requires patience, but each small step brings new creative possibilities.
How about starting to explore this universe today? Your guitar—and your listeners—will thank you.
